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Part 1
Much of scientists’ knowledge of the brain has been accumulated from studying brains that are not functioning normally.
Explain how research on Parkinson’s Disease and Alzheimer’s disease has contributed to understanding the roles of the neurotransmitters dopamine and acetylcholine in brain function. Discuss the following:
Discuss issues related to managing the symptoms of the disorders.
What roles does acetylcholine play in the following nervous system functions?
Parasympathetic nervous system activity
Control of voluntary movement
Learning and memory
Sleep
Revisiting the Question about Ethics
There is no known cure for Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s Diseases; however, experts believe that such stem-cell lines could be very valuable tools for studying these progressive debilitating diseases. Given your increased understanding of the brain, revisit the following questions that were proposed in Week 1:
Do you feel the same regarding the ethics of stem-cell research?
What are the facts that support your decision?
Provide at least 2 references from scientific research.
Are you for or against animal research for studying Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s?
What are the facts that support your decision?
Provide at least 2 references from scientific research.
In Part 1, you addressed the role of dopamine in the underlying cause of Parkinson’s Disease and its treatment. Dopamine is also implicated in 2 other disorders, schizophrenia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
According to the National Institute of Mental Health (2012), schizophrenia is a severe disorder affecting 1% of the population. Although it is not as disabling, ADHD affects approximately 9% of elementary school children.
For both conditions, the neurotransmitter dopamine has been implicated. Discuss the following:
Explain the role of dopamine in the symptoms of each disorder as well as treatment approaches.
How is dopamine related to norepinephrine and epinephrine?
What other roles does dopamine play in other nervous systems in the following nervous system functions?
Learning and memory
Reinforcement
Addiction
Sexual behavior
Provide at least 2 references from scientific research. In-text citations and the reference list should follow APA format.
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